Pediatrics

Aim: This study was designed to determine if there is a relationship between celiac disease (CD) and the presence of gastrointestinal disease (GI) disease in children with autism. Subjects and Methods: One hundred twenty-two children were tested for IgG and IgA anti-transglutaminase autoantibodies (55 autistic children with GI disease, 28 non...

Is gastrointestinal disease more prevalent in children with autism? There are arguments favoring both sides of the controversy. We present data collected from the medical history of a recent Autistic Genetic Resource Exchange (AGRE) database of autistic children and their siblings, demonstrating that autistic children may be significantly more susceptible...

Introductory Editorial by Dr Karna Dev Bardhan

Background: Children with developmental disorders experience chronic gastrointestinal symptoms. Aims: To examine the nature of these gastrointestinal symptoms and histologic findings in children with autism spectrum/developmental disorders and ileocolonic disease. Methods: Chart review. 143 autism spectrum/developmental disorder patients, with chronic gastrointestinal symptoms, undergoing diagnostic ileocolonoscopy. Results: Diarrhea was present...

Aim: To assess serum Cu/Zn SOD (Superoxide Dismutase) concentration in autistic children and evaluate its possible relationship to GI Symptoms. Subjects and Methods: Serum from 50 autistic children (31 with chronic digestive disease (most with ileo-colonic lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (LNH) and inflammation of the colorectum, small bowel and/or stomach) and 19...

Background: Infants with neonatal hydronephrosis and a normal voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) are presumed to have ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). There is little current information about the natural history of children with hydronephrosis or clinical factors that predict resolution of the radiological abnormality. Objective: To determine the time course until spontaneous resolution...

Background: Indians are suspected to have higher body fat percent at a given body mass index (BMI) than their western counterparts. Objective: To estimate percent body fat in apparently healthy Indian children and adolescents by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and explore linkages of BMI with body fat percent for better health...

This is a review article that discusses the role of sildenafil in pediatric pulmonary hypertension. The etiopathogenesis as well as prognosis for pediatric pulmonary hypertension (PH) differs from adults. The basic tenets of targeted management of PH however are similar. Sildenafil and other phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors play a very important role...

Aim: To assess the possible relationship between serum alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) levels and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) in autistic children with severe GI disease and to test the hypothesis that there is an association between low serum AAT levels, the presence of ANCA and inflammatory GI disease seen in some...

Objective: To determine, by phenotypic and genotypic methods, oxacillin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit patients seen at the University Hospital of the Botucatu School of Medicine. Methods: A total of 100 S. aureus strains isolated from the following materials were studied: 25...

Early colonization of the infant gastrointestinal tract is crucial for the overall health of the infant, and establishment and maintenance of non-pathogenic intestinal microbiota may reduce several neonatal inflammatory conditions. Much effort has therefore been devoted to manipulation of the composition of the microbiota through 1) the role of early...

Ricardo J. Komotar, Marc L. Otten, Matthew C. Garrett and Richard C.E. AndersonDepartment of Neurosurgery Columbia University New York, NY.

This review discusses the basic knowledge and recent innovation of surgical treatment for scoliosis. Surgical treatment for scoliosis is indicated, in general, for a curve exceeding 45 to 50 degrees by the Cobb’s method on the basis that: 1. Curves larger than 50 degrees progress even after skeletal maturity. 2. Curves larger...

Jacob Rube1, Alexandra Peyser1, Freya Tarapore1, Bari Scheckner1, Rachel Frank RN CNN1, Suzanne Vento RN1, Cathy Hoffman RN1, Douglas Charney2, Elsa Valderamma2, Beatrice Goilav1 and Howard Trachtman11Department of Pediatrics. Division of Nephrology, Schneider Children’s Hospital, New Hyde Park, New York. 2Department of Pathology, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Long Island Campus...

Ann Chen Wu1,2, Matthew W. Gillman1,3, Elsie M. Taveras1,2 and Augusto A. Litonjua4-61Center for Child Health Care Studies, Department of Ambulatory Care and Prevention, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 2Division of General Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. 3Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of...

Hisao OsadaDepartment of Maternal-fetal Medicine, Chiba University Hospital.AbstractA close relationship between size at birth and occurrence of common adult diseases has been reported. As an explanation of this relationship, it has been hypothesized that the thrifty genotypes cause changes in growth efficiency during fetal period and diseases in later life....

Xue Ming1, Ye-Ming Sun2, Roberto V. Nachajon3,4, Michael Brimacombe5 and Arthur S. Walters61Department of Neuroscience, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ. 2Creedmoor Psychiatric Center, Queens Village, NY and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY. 3Pediatric Sleep Disorders Center, St. Joseph Children’s Hospital, Paterson, NJ. 4Sleep/Wake Center,...

Zach Ferraro1,2 and Kristi B. Adamo1,2,3 1Healthy, Active, Living and Obesity (HALO) Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute. 2University of Ottawa, School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences. 3Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada. Abstract Global increases in...

Leonard A. Jason1, Nicole Porter1, Elizabeth Shelleby1, David S. Bell2, Charles W. Lapp3, Kathy Rowe4 and Kenny De Meirleir5 1Center for Community Research, DePaul University. 2Medina Hospital, Lyndonville NY. 3Hunter-Hopkins Center, Charlotte NC. 4Royal Children’s Hospital, Australia. 5Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. Abstract The case definition...

Calum Mattocks1, Kate Tilling2, Andy Ness3 and Chris Riddoch1 1School for Health, University of Bath, Bath, U.K. 2Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K. 3Department of Oral and Dental Science and Department of Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K. Abstract Advances in technology...

Venkataramana Bhat, Natalie Grizenko, Steven Sanche and Ridha Joober Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada. Abstract Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between therapeutic response to methylphenidate (MPH) and its associated short term cardiovascular side effects (Systolic Blood Pressure-SBP, Diastolic Blood...

F.S. Koch, J. Ludvigsson and A. Sepa Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden. Abstract Body dissatisfaction has been related to low self-esteem and depression in adolescents. With regard to the current world wide rise in childhood obesity...

Teresa Shamah-Levy1, Lucia Cuevas Nasu1, Hortensia Moreno-Macias2, Eric Monterrubio-Flores1 and Marco Antonio Avila-Arcos1 1Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud (Center for Nutrition and Health Research), National Public Health Institute, Cuernavaca Morelos, Mexico. 2Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional (Center for Population Health Research) National Public Health Institute, Cuernavaca...

Takeo Fujiwara1,2,3, Makiko Okuyama2, Haley Tsui3 and Karestan C. Koenen4 1Department of Health Promotion and Research, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan. 2Department of Psychosocial Medicine, National Center of Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan. 3Centre for Community Child Health Research, Child Family Research Institute, University of British...

Background: Recently an association was demonstrated between the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs1042725, within the HMGA2 locus and height as a consequence of a genome wide association (GWA) study of this trait in adults; this observation was also reported in children aged 7–11 years old. Objective: We examined in our Caucasian...

Alexander A. Kon University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics and Program in Bioethics, Sacramento, California.

Ralf-Bodo Tröbs1, Christian Geyer2, Wolfgang Hirsch3 and Andrea Tannapfel4 1Department of Pediatric Surgery, Marienhospital Herne, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Widumer Str. 8, D-44627 Herne, Germany. 2Department of Pediatric Surgery, 3Division of Pediatric Radiology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Liebigstr. 20, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. 4Institute of Pathology, BG Clinic Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University...

Jennifer Brady, Amber Farrell, Sharon Wong and Rena Mendelson School of Nutrition and Food, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Abstract Background: Food and beverage marketing has been implicated in the childhood obesity “pandemic.” Prior studies have established the negative impact of television advertising on children’s dietary...

Alecia Thompson and Vineet Bhandari Department of Pediatrics, Division of Perinatal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520. Abstract Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or BPD, is a chronic pulmonary disorder of premature infants, commonly defined as having an oxygen requirement at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. It...