Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminate (LPD) is a rare benign disease of unknown etiology of women in reproductive age. A few reported cases of association with endometriosis have been described suggesting a possible origin from submesothelial multipotential cells. We present two cases of LPD associated with endometriosis expressing smooth muscle metaplasia, and some of the nodules with aspects of uterus-like mass. Laparoscopy, gross findings, and the pathological and immunohistochemical study of the surgical specimens were described. Our findings suggest an endometriotic origin for the LPD and indicate that the therapeutic approach might contemplate the surgical reduction of the nodules and endometriosis treatment.